CHINESE ABBREVIATIONS

Beginner’s Guide to Self-Learn Mandarin Chinese

一些在中国一定会用上的简称

Yīxiē zài zhōngguó yīdìng huì yòng shàng de jiǎnchēng

PREFACE

Abbreviations are very important part of Mandarin Chinese language. There are simply too many of them. In this book, I am including approximately 400 widely popular abbreviations. For each of the abbreviations, the book includes:

English,

Pinyin (abbreviation),

Simplified Chinese character (abbreviation),

Pinyin (full form), and

Simplified Chinese character (full form).

Additional details have been provided for the complicated abbreviations (in English). Further, the book has been meticulously organized into different chapters.

I hope you will find the book helpful in your Mandarin endeavours.

You can find free recources for learning Mandarin Chinese on my website:

http://MingMandarin.com/

Do let me know your comments and suggestions. :)

JIA MING WANG

汪佳明

October 2020

Published 2020

©2020 Jia Ming Wang

All rights reserved.

The right of Jia Ming Wang, to be identified as the author of this work, has been asserted by him in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

Portions of this book are works of fiction. Any references to historical events, real people, or real places are used fictitiously. Other names, characters, places and events are products of the author's imagination, and any resemblances to actual events or places or persons, living or dead, is entirely coincidental.

Portions of this book are works of nonfiction. Certain names and identifying characteristics have been changed.

Trademark notice : Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

CHINESE ABBREVIATIONS

Beginner’s Guide to Self-Learn Mandarin Chinese

一些有趣的中国简称

Yīxiē yǒuqù de zhōngguó jiǎnchēng

JIA MING WANG

Acknowledgments

I wish to spread the 5,000-year-old Chinese cultural heritage to all over the world. This book is one of the first logical steps in the same direction. It feels awesome to produce my very first book.

I am eternally thankful to the almighty for enabling me to write and publish this book.

I wish to thank my friends and colleagues whose comments and discussions further helped me enrich the contents of this book.

Contents

PREFACE

Acknowledgments

Contents

Institutions and organizations

Professions

Education

Science and technology

Health

Business and finance

Transport and comunication

Territories

Sports

Entertainment

Household items

People, ideas and philosophy

Activism

Miscellaneous

Institutions and organizations

1 The State Council /National assembly of the PRC (The State Council of the People's Republic of China, the Central People's Government, is the highest executive organ of the state power and the highest administrative organ of the state. The State Council is composed of the prime minister, deputy prime ministers, state councilors, ministers, directors of various committees, auditors-general, and secretary-general.)

guówùyuàn

国务院

zhōnghuá rénmín gònghéguó guówùyuàn             

中华人民共和国国务院

2 Chinese People's Liberation Army (People's Liberation Army of China; established: August 1, 1927)

jiěfàngjūn

解放军

zhōngguó rénmín jiěfàngjūn

中国人民解放军

3 Political Consultative Conference (the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference; CPPCC; an important institution for multi-party cooperation and political consultation led by the Communist Party of China)             

zhèngxié

政协

zhèngzhì xiéshāng huìyì

政治协商会议

4 People's Police

mínjǐng

民警

rénmínjǐngchá

人民警察

5 European Economic Community

ōu gòng tǐ

欧共体

ōuzhōu jīngjì gòngtóngtǐ

欧洲经济共同体

6 Ministry of Petroleum Industry

shíyóu bù

石油部

shíyóu gōngyè bù

石油工业部

7 National People's Congress (composed of representatives elected by provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government, special administrative regions and the army. All ethnic minorities are appropriately representated)

réndà

人大

quánguó rénmín dàibiǎo dàhuì

全国人民代表大会

8 China Consumers Association /Consumers' Association (Established: December 1984; a national social organization that supervises goods and services and protects the legitimate rights and interests of consumers)

xiāo xié

消协

xiāofèi zhě xiéhuì

消费者协会

9 People's Commune (1958-1982)

gōngshè

公社

rénmín gōngshè

人民公社

10 China Antarctic Great Wall Station

chángchéng zhàn

长城站

Zhōngguó nánjí chángchéng zhàn

中国南极长城站

11 World Food Program

liángshí jìhuà shǔ

粮食计划署

shìjiè liángshí jìhuà shǔ

世界粮食计划署

12 One country, two systems

yīguó liǎngzhì

一国两制

yīgè guójiā liǎng zhǒng zhìdù

一个国家两种制度

13 Xinhua News Agency

xīnhuá shè

新华社

xīnhuá tōng xùn shè

新华通讯社

14 Minister of Foreign Affairs

wàizhǎng

外长

wàijiāo bùzhǎng

外交部长

15 Communist Youth League

gòngqīng tuán

共青团

gòngchǎn zhǔyì qīngnián tuán

共产主义青年团

16 Second Artillery Force (of People's Liberation Army)             

èr pào

二炮

dì èr pàobīng bùduì

第二炮兵部队

17 World Trade Organization

shìmào zǔzhī

世贸组织

shìjiè màoyì zǔzhī

世界贸易组织

18 To withdraw from the Chinese Communist Youth League             

tuì tuán

退团

tuìchū zhōngguó gòngchǎn zhǔyì qīngnián tuán             

退出中国共产主义青年团

19 UNSC (United Nations Security Council)             

ān lǐ huì

安理会

liánhéguó ānquán lǐshì huì

联合国安全理事会

20 NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)             

běiyuē

北约

běiyuē zǔzhī

北约组织

21 UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)

jiàokē wén

教科文

liánhéguó jiàoyù, kēxué jí wénhuà zǔzhī             

联合国教育　、科学及文化组织

22 World Health Organization (WHO)

shì wèi

世卫

shìjiè wèishēng zǔzhī

世界卫生组织

23 China Disabled Persons’ Federation (founded March 11, 1988; a representative organization of persons with disabilities approved by the State Council and confirmed by national laws)             

cán lián

残联

zhōngguó cánjí rén liánhé huì

中国残疾人联合会

24 Editorial board (Certain newspapers, periodicals, etc., all set up editorial committees for brainstorming)

biān wěi huì

编委会

biānjí wěiyuánhuì

编辑委员会

25 Village committee (Villagers’ committees are mass autonomous organizations, elected by the villagers of the administrative villages under the jurisdiction of the town (towns) in mainland China)             

cūn wěi huì

村委会

cūnmín wěiyuánhuì

村民委员会

26 Family Planning Commission /Family Planning Committee             

jìshēng wěi

计生委

jìhuà shēngyù wěiyuánhuì

计划生育委员会

27 Planning Commission (one of the original components of the State Council)             

jìwěi

计委

jìhuà wěiyuánhuì

计划委员会

28 Commission for Discipline Inspection (a discipline inspection agency of the Communist Party of China, not a government department; a disciplinary inspection agency and is not affiliated with any department, but it obeys the leadership of the CPC Central Committee)             

jì wěi

纪委

jìlǜ jiǎnchá wěiyuánhuì

纪律检查委员会

29 Chinese People's Liberation Army Art Academy (School of Military Culture, National Defense University of the People's Liberation Army of China; located in Weigong Village, Beijing )             

jūn yì

军艺

zhōngguó rénmín jiěfàngjūn yìshù xuéyuàn             

中国人　民解放军艺术学院

30 Changchun Film Studio (a large-scale comprehensive film studio in Jilin province of China; established: October 1, 1945)             

zhǎng yǐng

长影

zhǎngchūn diànyǐng zhì piàn chǎng

长春电影制片厂

31 Standing Committee (a permanent institution composed of multiple members elected by the representative assembly, China's congress)             

chángwěi huì

常委会

chángwù wěiyuánhuì

常务委员会

32 Ice Hockey Federation

bīng lián

冰联

bīngqiú liánhé huì

冰球联合会

33 Environmental Protection Committee (The Environmental Protection Committee of the State Council is a committee under the State Council and is responsible for environmental protection)             

huán wěi huì

环委会

huánjìng bǎohù wěiyuánhuì

环境保护委　员会

34 The Law Committee (Constitution and Law Committee of the National People's Congress; established in June 1983)             

fǎ wěi

法委

fǎlǜ wěiyuánhuì

法律委员会

35 Huangpu Military Academy (Republic of China Military Academy; one of the most famous military schools in modern China; Founded: June 16, 1924)             

huángbù jūnxiào

黄埔军校

huángbù lùjūn jūnguān xuéxiào

黄埔陆军军官学校

36 The establishment of diplomatic relations between countries/establish diplomatic relations             

jiànjiāo

建交

jiànlì wàijiāo guānxì

建立外交关系

Professions

1        Voluntary work

yìgōng

义工

yìwù gōngzuò

义务工作

2 Political instructor (battalion; camp level; it is the first-level chief position set up in the army)             

jiàodǎoyuán

教导员

zhèngzhì jiàodǎoyuán

政治教导员

3 Shopping guide /shop assistant

dǎo gòu

导购

yǐndǎo gòumǎi

引导购买

4 Ambassador /envoy

dàshǐ

大使

tèmìng quánquán dàshǐ

特命全权大使

5 Stewardess

kōngjiě

空姐

kōngzhōng xiǎojiě

空中小姐

6 To be unemployed

dàiyè

待业

děngdài jiùyè

等待就业

7 Contract workers

hétónggōng

合同工

hétóng zhì gōngrén

合同制工人

8 Short training

duǎn xùn

短训

duǎnqí xùnliàn

短期训练

9 Military training

jūnxùn

军训

jūnshì xùnliàn

军事训练

10 Be on duty by turns /take turns

lúnzhí

轮值

lúnliú zhíbān

轮流值班

11 Unified enrollment (recruit students and workers in a unified way)             

tǒng zhāo

统招

tǒngyī zhāoshēng

统一招生

12 Promote public servant (official, cadre, employee)

tí gàn

题干

tíbá gànbù

提拔干部

13 Village officials /Rural cadres

cūn gàn

村干

xiāng cūn gànbù

乡村干部

14 Judicial police /the bailiff (Police officers; set up by the judiciary to perform specific tasks. Main tasks: guard the court, maintain court order, escort prisoners to appear in court for trial, perform searches, custodial summons, service, assist enforcement officers in executing court judgments and rulings, and assist prosecutors in investigative activities)             

fǎjǐng

法警

sīfǎ jǐngchá

司法警察

15 Skilled worker (workers who have certain professional skills, or are engaged in a certain type of work with a strong technical knowledge)             

jìgōng

技工

jìshù gōngrén

技术工人

16 Export labor (providing labor or services to labor importing countries in order to seek economic benefits and obtain foreign exchange income)

shū láo

输劳

shūchū láodònglì

输出劳动力

17 Factories, mines (collective term for factory and mine)             

chǎngkuàng

厂矿

gōngchǎng, kuàngshān

工厂、矿山

18 Overstaff /excess personnel

chāobiān

超编

chāoguò biānzhì

超过编制

19 Training camp (to assemble for training; to practice together; get together for training)             

jíxùn

集训

jí zhōng xùnliàn

集中训练

20 Deputy company commander (company commander; the highest commander in the army at the company level and is generally held by a captain or lieutenant)             

fù lián

副连

fù lián zhǎng

副连长

21 Military products (materials, products used in military activities or used by the military)             

jūnpǐn

军品

jūnyòng chǎnpǐn

军用产　品

22 Art Work Troupe (established: 1929; a professional and comprehensive art group of the Chinese People's Liberation Army)             

wéngōngtuán

文工团

wényì gōngzuò tuán

文艺工作团

23 Joining the army (joining the Chinese People's Liberation Army)

cānjūn

参军

cānjiā zhōngguó rénmín jiěfàngjūn

参加中国人民解放军

Education

1 Peking University

běidà

北大

běijīng dàxué

北京大学

2 Qinghua University (Tsinghua University)

qīnghuá

清华

qīnghuá dàxué

清华大学

3 Tsinghua University and Peking University             

qīng běi

清北

qīnghuá běidà

清华北大

4 PhD student

bóshì shēng

博士生

bóshì xuéwèi yánjiūshēng

博士学位研究生

5 PhD supervisor

bódǎo

博导

bóshì shēng dǎoshī

博士生导师

6 Postgraduate supervisor

shuòdǎo

硕导

shuòshì shēng dǎoshī

硕士生导师

7 Institutions of higher learning

gāoxiào

高校

gāoděng yuàn xiào

高等院校

8 To take the graduate entrance examination              

kǎoyán

考研

kǎoqǔ yánjiūshēng

考取研究生

9 To take the PhD entrance examination              

kǎobó

考博

kǎoqǔ bóshì yánjiūshēng

考取博士研究生

10 Soochow University

Sū dà

苏大

Sūzhōu dàxué

苏州大学

11 Military school

jūnxiào

军校

jūnshì xuéxiào

军事学校

12 Family Education

jiājiào

家教

jiātíng jiàoyù

家庭教育

13 College entrance examination (Uniform Enrollment Examination for Higher Education)             

gāokǎo

高考

gāoděng xuéxiào tǒngyī zhāoshēng kǎoshì             

高等学校统一招生考试

14 Medical University (general term)

yīdà

医大

yīkē dàxué

医科大学

15 Night school

yèxiào

夜校

yè jiān shàngkè xuéxiào

夜间上课学校

16 Correspondence Education

hánshòu

函授

hánshòu jiàoyù

函授教育

17 Renmin University of China

réndà

人大

Zhōngguó rénmín dàxué

中国人民大学

18 Graduating student /this year's graduate

yīngjiè shēng

应届生

yīngjiè bìyè shēng

应届毕业生

19 Past graduates (all graduates other than current year)             

wǎngjiè shēng

往届生

wǎngjiè bìyè shēng

往届毕业生

20 Junior high school

chūzhōng

初中

chūjízhōngxué

初级中学

21 High school

gāozhōng

高中

gāojí zhōngxué

高级中学

22 Higher education

gāojiào

高教

gāoděng jiàoyù

高等教育

23 Specialized secondary schools (polytechnic school)

zhōng zhuān

中专

zhōngděng zhuānyè xuéxiào

中等专业学校

24 Junior college education

gāo zhuān

高专

Gāoděng zhuānkē jiàoyù

高等专科教育

25 College for professional training /higher professional schools             

dàzhuān

大专

Dàzhuān yuàn xiào

大专院校

26 University of Finance and Economics              

cái dà

财大

cáijīng dàxué

财经大学

27 Books, newspapers, periodicals

shū bào kān

书报刊

túshū, bàozhǐ, qíkān

图书、报纸、期刊

28 Calligraphy and painting

shūhuà

书画

shūfǎ hé huìhuà

书法和绘画

29 Calligraphy competition

shū sài

书赛

shūfǎ bǐsài

书法比赛

30 Calligraphy Association

shū xié

书协

shūfǎ xiéhuì

书法协会

31 Institute of Literature

wénxué suǒ

文学所

wénxué yánjiū suǒ

文学研究所

32 Shuang Bai Fāngzhen (a literary policy of letting a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend (so that different forms and styles in art can develop freely, and different schools of science can freely compete)             

shuāng bǎi fāngzhēn

双百方针

bǎihuāqífàng, bǎijiāzhēngmíng de wényì fāngzhēn             

百花齐放、百家争鸣的文艺方针

33 Calligraphy

shū yì

书艺

shūfǎ yìshù

书法艺术

34 Summer training classes

shǔ xùn bān

暑训班

shǔqí xùnliàn bān

暑期训练班

35 Culture and education

wénjiào

文教

wénhuà jiàoyù

文化教育

36 Mathematical Olympiad

shùxué àosài

数学奥赛

shùxué àolínpǐkè jìngsài

数学奥林匹克竞赛

37 Mathematics, physics, chemistry

shù lǐ huà

数理化

shùxué, wùlǐ, huàxué

数学、物理、化学

38 To eliminate illiteracy (to wipe out illiteracy)             

sǎománg

扫盲

sǎochú wénmáng

扫除文盲

39 To investigate and research /survey and study             

diàoyán

调研

diàochá yánjiū

调查研究

40 Quality and Technical Supervision

zhì jiān

质监

zhìliàng jìshù jiāndū

质量技术监督

41 To participate in a competition

cānsài

参赛

cānjiā bǐsài

参加比赛

42 To participate in an exhibition

cānzhǎn

参展

cānjiā zhǎn chū

参加展出

43 Educational reform /Teaching reform             

jiàogǎi

教改

jiàoxué gǎigé

教学改革

44 Labor education /re-education through labor             

jiě jiào

解教

jiěchú láodòng jiàoyǎng

解除劳动教养

45 To undergo training /be trained/receive training              

shòuxùn

受训

jiēshòu jiàoxùn

接受教训

46 Veterinary medicine

shòuyào

兽药

shòu yòngyào

兽用药

47 Thoroughly analyze (literary work, theory)             

tòuxī

透析

tòushì hé fēnxī

透视和分析

48 Radiation Therapy /use radiation to treat tumors/to use radiotherapy to treat (cancer, etc.)              

fàngliáo

放疗

fàngshè zhìliáo

放射治疗

49 Family visit /pay a home visit (to the parents of school children; the purpose of home visits is to have a general understanding of the students’ home education and growth environment, so as to give appropriate guidance to the students’ physical and mental development)             

jiāfǎng

家访

jiātíng fǎngwèn

家庭　访问

50 Books and tuition fees

shū záfèi

书杂费

shūběn fèi hé xué záfèi

书本费和学杂费

51 Literature and Art

wényì

文艺

wénxué yìshù

文学艺术

52 Culture and entertainment (activities including mountaineering, rock climbing, bungee jumping, rafting, skiing, diving, cross-country, river tracing)             

wényú

文娱

wénhuà yúlè

文化娱乐

53 School of Health /Health school (secondary vocational college)             

wèixiào

卫校

wèishēng xuéxiào

卫生学校

54 Driving School /driver training school             

jiàxiào

驾校

jiàshǐ jìshù xuéxiào

驾驶技术学校

55 Technical School /vocational high school (the enrollment of technical colleges is usually after the end of the nine-year compulsory education)             

jìxiào

技校

jìgōng xuéxiào

技工学校

56 Faculty, staff, workers

jiào zhígōng

教职工

jiàoyuán, zhíyuán, gōngrén

教员、职员、工人

57 Cram school /remedial school (more test-oriented; often attract students about to appear in the entrance examinations)             

bǔ xiào

补校

bǔxí xuéxiào

补习学校

58 Lower elementary school (lower grades of elementary education)             

chū xiǎo

初小

chūjí xiǎoxué

初级小学

59 Oracle bone script (from Shang Dynasty, 1600-1046 BC)

Jiǎ wén

甲文

Jiǎgǔwén

甲骨文

60 Moral, intellectual, physical, and labor education

dé zhì tǐ měi láo

德智体美劳

déyù, zhìyù, tǐyù, láodòng jiàoyù

德育、智育、体育、劳动教育

61 Teaching Research Office (basic teaching and scientific research units in institutions of higher learning in China)             

jiàoyánshì

教研室

jiàoxué yánjiū shì

教学研究室

Science and technology

1 Science and Technology

kējì

科技

kēxué jìshù

科学技术

2 Science and Engineering

lǐgōng kē

理工科 lǐkē gōngkē

理科工科

3 Tablet computers

píngbǎn

平板

píngbǎn diànnǎo

平板电脑

4 Website address

wǎngzhǐ

网址

Wǎngzhàn

dìzhǐ

网站地址

5 Science and Technology Committee              

kē wěi

科委

kēxué jìshù wěiyuánhuì

科学技术委员会

6 Shenzhou V (spacecraft)

shén wǔ

神五

shénzhōu wǔ hào

神舟五号

7 Laser Technology Research Institute (Shanghai)             

jīguāng suǒ

激光所

jīguāng jìshù yánjiū suǒ

激光技术研究所

8 Artificial satellite /sputnik

rénzào wèixīng

人造卫星

rénzào dìqiú wèixīng

人造地球卫星

9 CD-ROM drive /DVD drive/Optical drive             

guāngqū

光驱

guāngpán qūdòngqì

光盘驱动器

10 Chemical fertilizer

huàféi

化肥

huàxué féiliào

化学肥料

11 Advanced and sophisticated technology             

gāo jīng jiān

高精尖

gāojí, jìng mì, jiānduān

高级、静密、尖端

13 Chinese Academy of Sciences

Zhōng kē yuàn

中科院

Zhōngguó kēxuéyuàn

中国科学院

14 Conserve water /strengthening water management/improving water utilization/avoiding water waste             

jié shuǐ

节水

jiéyuē yòngshuǐ

节约用水

15 Thermal power (generation)

huǒdiàn

火电

huǒlì fādiàn

火力　发电

16 Microcomputers (small electronic computers composed of large-scale integrated circuits)

wēijī

微机

wéixíng jìsuànjī

微型计算机

17 Typos /wrongly written characters/ mispronounced characters             

cuòbiézì

错别字

cuòzì biézì

错字别字

18 Birth control (Prevent excessive birth, and adhere to the national policy of family planning)             

jiéyù

节育

jiézhì shēngyù

节制生育

19 Aircraft seeding /sowing seeds by plane/afforestation by plane             

fēibō

飞播

fēijī bōzhòng

飞机播种

20 Chemical Fiber /synthetic fiber (a fiber made with natural or synthetic polymer materials as raw materials)             

huàxiān

化纤

huàxué xiānwéi

化学纤维

21 University of Science and Technology of China (USTC, Founded: September 1958; located in Hefei , Anhui Province)             

zhōngkēdà

中科大

zhōngguó kēxué jìshù dàxué

中国科学技术大学

Health

1 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS/SARS-CoV)             

fēidiǎn

非典

fēidiǎn xíng fèiyán

非典型肺炎

2 Heart attack (myocardial infarction)             

xīn gěng

心梗

xīnjī gěngsè

心肌梗塞

3 Cerebral vascular infarctions

nǎo gěng

脑梗

nǎo xiěguǎn gěngsè

脑血管梗塞

4 Influenza

liúgǎn

流感

liúxíng xìng gǎnmào

流行性感冒

5 Therapeutic effect

liáoxiào

疗效

zhìliáo xiàoguǒ

治疗效果

6 Novel Coronavirus

xīnguān

新冠

xīnxíng guānzhuàng bìngdú

新型冠状病毒

7 Family planning

jìshēng

计生

jìhuà shēngyù

计划生育

8 Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease             

guàn xīnbìng

冠心病

guānzhuàng dòngmài zhōu yàng yìnghuà xìng xīnzàng bìng             

冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病

9 Medical abortion

yàoliú

药流

yàowù liúchǎn

药物流产

10 Physical examination before marriage              

hūnjiǎn

婚检

hūnqián shēntǐ jiǎnchá

婚前身体检查

11 Acute and chronic

jí mànxìng

急慢性

jíxìng hé mànxìng

急性和慢性

12 Bronchial Asthma

xiāochuǎn

哮喘

zhīqìguǎn xiào chuǎn

支气管哮喘

13 Intensive care /special nursing

tèhù

特护

tèjí hùlǐ

特级护理

14 Liver failure

gān shuāijié

肝衰竭

gān gōngnéng shuāijié

肝功能衰竭

15 Ventricular fibrillations (a serious heart rhythm problem)             

xīnshì xiān zhàn

心室纤颤

xīnshì xiānwéi xìng chàndòng

心室纤维性颤动

16 Medical insurance

yībǎo

医保

yīliáo bǎoxiǎn

医疗保险

17 Hepatitis B

yǐgān

乙肝

yǐ xíng gānyán

乙型肝炎

18 Dislocation of hip joint

kuān tuōwèi

髋脱位 kuān guānjié tuōwèi

髋关节脱位

19 Osteomalacia /chondroplasty

ruǎngǔ bìng

软骨病

gǔ zhí ruǎnhuà bìng

骨质软化病

20 Crazy /obsessed/infatuated

chīkuáng

痴狂

chīmí fēngkuáng

痴迷疯狂

21 Packed meal /boxed meals/box lunch             

héfàn

盒饭

hé zhuāng fàncài

盒装饭菜

22 Plague control /prevention

shǔ fáng

鼠防

shǔyì fángzhì

鼠疫防治

Shǔyì yùfáng

鼠疫预防

23 Health care /health protection

bǎojiàn

保健

bǎohù jiànkāng

保护健康

24 Prenatal ultrasound scan /B-mode ultrasonic tomography             

B chāo

B超

B xíng chāoshēngbō duàncéng

B型超声波断层

25 Wash the face and rinse the mouth              

xǐshù

洗漱

xǐliǎn hé shù kǒu

洗脸和漱口

26 Hyperthyroidism (caused by the synthesis and release of excessive thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland)             

jiǎkàng

甲亢

jiǎzhuàngxiàn gōngnéng kàngjìn zhèng             

甲状腺功能亢进症

27 Chemotherapy (to kill cancer cells; Chemotherapy is currently one of the most effective treatments for cancer, and is called the three major treatments for cancer together with surgery and radiotherapy)             

huàliáo

化疗

huàxué zhìliáo

化学　治疗

28 To give more birth than allowed /unplanned births             

chāoshēng

超生

chāo jìhuà shēngyù

超计划生育

29 Participate in trials (participation in testing or trial production)             

cān shì

参试

cānjiā shìyàn

参加试验

30 Coke

kělè

可乐

kěkǒu kělè

可口可乐

31      Stretching (exercise method)

lǎn yāo

懒腰

shēn lǎn yāo

伸懒腰

Business and finance

1 State-owned enterprise

guóqǐ

国企

guóyǒu qǐyè

国有企业

2 Supermarket

chāoshì

超市

chāojí shìchǎng

超级市场

3 Alibaba Group

ālǐ

阿里

ālǐ bābā jítuán

阿里巴巴集团

4 Venture capital

fēng tóu

风投

fēngxiǎn tóuzī

风险投资

5 To operate sales /manage sales

yíngxiāo

营销

jīngyíng xiāoshòu

经营销售

6 Development and Reform Commission              

fāgǎiwěi

发改委

fāzhǎn yǔ gǎigé wěiyuánhuì

发展与改革委员会

7 Banking Regulatory Commission

yínjiānhuì

银监会

yínháng yèjiāndū guǎnlǐ wěiyuánhuì

银行业监督管理委员会

8 Lease funds

zūjīn

租金

zūlìn zījīn

租赁资金

9 Stock market

gǔshì

股市

gǔpiào shìchǎng

股票市场

10 Withholding agents (units and individuals)             

kòu jiǎo yìwù rén

扣缴义务人

dài kòu, dài jiǎo yìwù rén

代扣、代缴义务人

11 Intellectual power and ability

zhìnéng

智能

zhìlì hé nénglì

智力和能力

12 To aid the poor /reduce poverty

fúpín

扶贫

bāng fú pínkùn hù

帮扶贫困户

13 Speculate in shares /stocks

chǎogǔ

炒股

chǎo mǎi chǎo mài gǔpiào

炒买炒卖股票

14 Imports and export

jìn chūkǒu

进出口

jìnkǒu, chūkǒu

进口、出口

15 Real Estate Management Section (department)             

fángchǎn kē

房产科

fángchǎn dìchǎn guǎnlǐ kē

房产地产管理科

16 China Petrochemical Industry Corporation (Sinopec )             

zhōngshíhuà

中石化

zhōngguó shíyóu huàxué gōngyè zǒng gōngsī             

中国石油化学工业总公司

17 China Young Pioneers (an organization for Chinese children)             

shàoxiānduì

少先队

shàonián xiānfēng duì

少年先锋队

18 Foreign investment enterprise

wàiqǐ

外企

wàishāng tóuzī qǐyè

外商投资企业

19 Luxurious house /mansion/grand residence             

háozhái

豪宅

háohuá zhùzhái

豪华住宅

20 United Capital /Joint Venture

hézī

合资

liánhé zīběn

联合资本

21 Life insurance

shòuxiǎn

寿险

rénshòu bǎoxiǎn

人寿保险

22 Hong Kong goods

gǎng huò

港货

xiānggǎng huòwù

香港货物

23 Consume energy

hào néng

耗能

xiāohào néngliàng

消耗能量

24 Longjing tea

lóngjǐng

龙井

lóngjǐngchá

龙井茶

25 Daqing Oilfield

dàqìng

大庆

dàqìng yóutián

大庆油田

26 To get rich quickly /suddenly become rich             

bào fù

暴富

bàofā zhìfù

暴发致富

27 Foreign trade

wàimào

外贸

duìwài màoyì

对外贸易

28 Optical fiber

guāngxiān

光纤

guāngdǎo xiānwéi

光导纤维

29 External sales

wàixiāo

外销

duìwài xiāoshòu

对外销售

30 Energy conservation /save energy

jiénéng

节能

jiéyuē néngliàng

节约能量

31 Marine crude oil

hǎi yóu

海油

hǎiyáng yuányóu

海洋原油

32 To calculate interest (financial institutions' operation)             

jì xī

计息

jìsuàn lìxí

计算利息

33 To reduce pollution /to reduce emission

jiǎn pái

减排

jiǎnshǎo páifàng

减少排放

34 Finance and accounting

cái huì

财会

cáiwù kuàijì

财务会计

35 Finance and trade

cáimào

财贸

cáizhèng màoyì

财政贸易

36 Privately run /operated (run by the local people)             

mínbàn

民办

mínjiān xīngbàn

民间兴办

37 Interplanting cotton in the wheat field (wheat intercropping with cotton)             

mài tào mián

麦套棉

màitián lǐ tàozhòng miánhuā

麦田里套种棉花

38 Tax evasion /evade taxation

tōu lòushuì

偷漏税

tōushuì lòushuì

偷税漏税　

39 Money scanner /banknote tester (to detect counterfeit notes/bills)             

yàn chāo

验钞

jiǎnyàn chāopiào

检验钞票

40 Australian Dollar

àoyuán

澳元

àodàlìyǎ yuán

澳大利亚元

41 To raise the price /increase price

tí jià

提价

tígāo jiàgé

提高价格

42 Production and marketing /production sales              

chǎnxiāo

产销

shēngchǎn hé xiāoshòu

生产和销售

43 To run a joint venture /joint management             

liányíng

联营

liánhé jīngyíng

联合经营

44 Aircraft carrier /very big enterprise

hángmǔ

航母

hángkōngmǔjiàn

航空母舰

45 To select a job (choose an occupation)             

zéyè

择业

xuǎnzé zhíyè

选择职业

46 To lower interest rates

jiàngxī

降息

jiàngdī lìxí

降低利息

47 To receive a gift

shòu zèng

受赠

jiēshòu zèngsòng

接受赠送

48 Special supply (of commodity, etc.)

tè gōng

特供

tèbié gōngyìng

特别供应

49 To receive aid or assistance

shòu yuan

受援

jiēshòu yuánzhù

接受援助

50 To create non-conventional income /generate extra income/additional income earned             

chuàngshōu

创收

chuàngzào shōurù

创造收入

51 To earning foreign exchange

chuànghuì

创汇

chuàngshōu wàihuì

创收外汇

52 Border trade /frontier trade

biānmào

边贸

biānjìng màoyì

边境贸易

53 Rural market /fair/bazaar trade

jí mào

集贸

jí shì màoyì

集市贸易

54 Foxconn /Foxconn Technology Group             

fùshìkāng

富士康

fùshìkāng kējì jítuán

富士康科技集团

55 Foreign capital /foreign funds

wàizī

外资

wàiguó zījīn

外国资金

56 The Boeing Company (Boeing; Boeing aircraft company)             

bōyīn gōngsī

波音公司

měiguó bōyīn fēijī gōngsī

美国波音飞机公司

57 Property insurance

cái xiǎn

财险

cáichǎn bǎoxiǎn

财产保险

58 Reduction /degree of reduction (drop of prices, profit)             

jiàngfú

降幅

xiàjiàng fúdù

下降幅度

59 Bank of Communications

jiāoxíng

交行

jiāotōng yínháng

交通银行

60 Save money /control expenditures

jié zhī

节支

jiéyuē kāizhī

节约开支

61 Fire insurance (protects policyholders from losses caused by fire, lightning, household boilers or household gas fuel explosions)              h

uǒxiǎn

火险

huǒzāi bǎoxiǎn

火灾保险

62 Capital construction (a general term for the construction, purchase and installation of various sectors of the national economy to increase the scope of fixed assets, such as roads , railways , bridges; It also includes various new construction, reconstruction, expansion and restoration of industrial and civil construction projects, as well as the purchase and installation of machinery and equipment, vehicles and ships, and related work are all referred to as capital construction)             

jījiàn

基建

jīběn jiànshè

基本建设

63 Clear out a port /harbor

shū gǎng

疏港

shūtōng gǎngkǒu

疏通港口

64 Moutai liquor /wine (from Moutai Town, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province)             

máotái

茅台

máotái jiǔ

茅台酒

65 Urban Construction (Economics magazine, published from Beijing; ISSN 1674-781X; CN 11-5897/F; more than 20,000 copies are published on the 5th, 15th, and 25th of each month)             

chéngjiàn

城建

chéngshì jiànshè

城市建设

66 Building materials

jiàncái

建材

jiànzhú cáiliào

建筑材料

Transport and comunication

1 High-speed railway

gāotiě

高铁

gāosù

tiělù

高速铁路

2 Air transportation

kōngyùn

空运

kōngzhōng yùnshū

空中运输

3 Subway

dìtiě

地铁

dìxià tiělù

地下铁路

4 Three-dimensional highway crossing bridge             

lìjiāoqiáo

立交桥

lìtǐ gōnglù jiāochā qiáo

立体公路交叉桥

5 Automobile repair

qì xiū

汽修

qìchē xiūlǐ

汽车修理

6 Large bus

dàbā

大巴

dàxíng bāshì

大型巴士

7 Sea transportation /shipping by sea

hǎiyùn

海运

hánghǎi yùnshū

航海运输

8 Postal code

yóubiān

邮编

yóuzhèng biānmǎ

邮政编码

9 Postmark for domestic express mail              

kuàijiàn yóuchuō

快件邮戳

guónèi yóuzhèng kuàijiàn yòng yóuchuō             

国内邮政快件用邮戳

10 Small van /minibus taxi

miàn dí

面的

miànbāochē xíng dí shì

面包车型的士

11 Increased public transport during Chinese New Year (Spring Festival period)             

chūnyùn

春运

chūnjié lǚkè yùnshū

春节旅客运输

12 Vehicle management (the technical supervision and safety management of vehicles and drivers)             

chē guǎn

车管

chēliàng guǎnlǐ

车辆管理

13 Car insurance

chēxiǎn

车险

chēliàng bǎoxiǎn

车辆保险

14 Beijing Railway Administration (Beijing Railway Bureau; one of the 18 railway bureaus of a large railway transportation enterprise managed by China State Railway Group Co., Ltd.)             

jīng tiě

京铁

běijīng tiělù jú

北京铁路局

15 To overload (in transportation; a lorry, etc.)             

chāozài

超载

chāoguò zǎi zhòngliàng

超过载重量

16 China Eastern Airlines

dōngháng

东航

zhōngguó dōngfāng hángkōng gōngsī             

中国东方航空公司

17 Motor Vehicle Safety Appraisal and Testing Center (China Vehicle Inspection Center, established in June 1988)             

chē jiǎn zhōngxīn

车检中心

jīdòng chēliàng ānquán jiàndìng jiǎncè zhōngxīn             

机动车辆安全鉴定检测中心

18 To visit a foreign country (usually on an official visit)             

chūfǎng

出访

chūguó fǎngwèn

出国访问

Territories

1 People's Republic of China

zhōngguó

中国

zhōnghuá rénmín gònghéguó

中华人民共和国

2 United States of America

měiguó

美国

měilìjiān hézhòngguó

美利坚合众国

3 Hangzhou

háng

杭

hángzhōu

杭州

4 Beijing

jīng

京

běijīng

北京

5 Special Administrative Region (Hong Kong, Macau)             

tèqū

特区

tèbié xíngzhèngqū

特别行政区

6 Guizhou

guì

贵

guìzhōu

贵州

7 Jinan

jì

济

jǐnán

济南

8 Shandong

lǔ

鲁

shāndōng

山东

9 Taiwan

tái

台

táiwān

台湾

10 China, Pakistan /China and Pakistan             

zhōng bā

中巴

zhōngguó, bājīsītǎn

中国、巴基斯坦

11 Hong Kong and Macao

gǎng'ào

港澳

xiānggǎng àomén

香港澳门

12 Flooded area of the Yellow River

huáng fàn qū

黄泛区

huánghé hóngshuǐ fànlàn qū

黄河洪水泛滥区

13 India /Republic of India

yìndù

印度

yìndù gònghéguó

印度共和国

14 The Russian Federation

èluósī

俄罗斯

èluósī liánbāng

俄罗斯联邦

15 Kazakh Socialist Republic

hāsàkè

哈萨克

hāsàkè shèhuì zhǔyì gònghéguó

哈萨克社会主义共和国

16 Mt Everest /Mt Chomolungma/Sagarmatha             

zhū fēng

珠峰

zhūmùlǎngmǎ fēng

珠穆朗玛峰

17 Indonesia

Yìnní

印尼

Yìndùníxīyà

印度尼西亚

18 Australia /Australian continent

àozhōu

澳洲

àodàlìyǎ zhōu

澳大利亚洲

19 Asia

yàzhōu

亚洲

yàxìyà zhōu

亚细亚洲

20 China, UK /China and UK

zhōng yīng

中英

zhōngguó, yīngguó

中国、英国

21 China, Singapore /China and Singapore             

zhōng xīn

中新

zhōngguó, xīnjiāpō

中国、新加坡

22 North America

běi měizhōu

北美洲

běi yà měi lìjiā zhōu

北亚美利加洲

23 South America

nán měizhōu

南美洲

nányà měi lìjiā zhōu

南亚美利加洲

24 Europe

ōuzhōu

欧洲

ōuluóbā zhōu

欧罗巴洲

Sports

1 Olympic Games

àoyùnhuì

奥运会

àolínpǐkè yùndònghuì

奥林匹克运动会

2 International Football Federation

guójì zú lián

国际足联

guójì zúqiú liánhé huì

国际足球联合会

3 Asian Games

yàyùn huì

亚运会

yàzhōu yùndònghuì

亚洲运动会

4 To apply to host the Olympic Games /bid for the Olympic Games             

shēn'ào

申奥

shēnqǐng jǔbàn àolínpǐkè yùndònghuì             

申请举办奥林匹克运动会

5 Olympic Games Bid Committee

ào shēn wěi

奥申委

àolínpǐkè shēnbàn wěiyuánhuì

奥林匹克申办委员会

6 National Games of the People's Republic of China              

quán yùn huì

全运会

quánguó yùndònghuì

全国运动会

7 Winter Olympics /Winter Olympic Games             

dōng ào huì

冬奥会

dōngjì àolínpǐkè yùndònghuì

冬季奥林匹克运动会

8 Winter training

dōngxùn

冬训

dōngjì xùnliàn

冬季训练

9 Winter swimming /winter outdoor swimming (refers to swimming in winter under natural water temperature in outdoor waters (including rivers, rivers, lakes, seas and other natural waters and reservoirs and other artificial waters))             

dōngyǒng

冬泳

dōngjì yóuyǒng

冬季游泳

10 Spring Games /Spring Festival Games             

chūnyùn huì

春运会

chūnjì yùndònghuì

春季运动会

Entertainment

1 Color TV

cǎidiàn

彩电

cǎisè diànshì jī

彩色电视机

2 Liaoning TV Station

liáo tái

辽台

liáoníng diànshìtái

辽宁电视台

3 TV receiver

diànshì

电视

diànshì jiēshōu jī

电视接收机

4 Bar girl

ba nǚ

吧女

jiǔbā nǚláng

酒吧女郎

5 Color film

cǎijuǎn

彩卷

cǎisè jiāojuǎn

彩色胶卷

6 Famous fashion models /top model

míngmó

名模

zhùmíng mótè

著名模特

7 Holiday

jiéjiàrì

节假日

jiérì jiàrì

节日假日

8 CCTV

yāngshì

央视

zhōngyāng diànshìtái

中央电视台

9 Art exhibition/Photo exhibition

huàzhǎn

画展

túhuà zhǎnlǎn

图画展览

10 Book exhibition

shūzhǎn

书展

túshū zhǎnlǎn

图书展览

11 Animation and cartoon

dòngmàn

动漫

dònghuà mànhuà

动画漫画

12 Mass media/news media

méitǐ

媒体

chuánbò méitǐ

传播媒体

13 Television tower /TV antenna tower             

diànshì tǎ

电视塔

diànshì tiānxiàn tǎ

电视天线塔

14 Science and Technology Museum

kējì guǎn

科技馆

kējì bówùguǎn

科技博物馆

Household items

1 Air conditioner

kòngtiáo

空调

kōngqì tiáojié qì

空气调节器

2 Quality products

bù yōu

部优

bù jí yōu zhí chǎnpǐn

部级优质产品

3 Refrigerator

bīngxiāng

冰箱

diàn bīngxiāng

电冰箱

4 Mobile phone (portable radiotelephone)             

shǒujī

手机

shǒutí shì wúxiàn diànhuà jī/Shǒuchí shì wúxiàn diànhuà jī             

手提式无线电话机/手持式无线电话机

5 Torch /electric torch/flashlight

shǒudiàn

手电

shǒudiàntǒng

手电筒

6 Electric fan

fēngshàn

风扇

diàn fēngshàn

电风扇

7 Household electric appliance (various electrical appliances and electronic appliances used in homes and similar places)             

jiādiàn

家电

jiāyòng diànqì

家用电　器

People, ideas and philosophy

1 Confucius and Mencius

kǒng mèng

孔孟

kǒngzǐ hé mèngzǐ

孔子和孟子

2 Max, Engels, Lenin, Stalin

mǎ ēn liè sī

马恩列斯

mǎkèsī, ēngésī, lièníng, sīdàlín

马克斯、恩格斯、列宁、斯大林

3 Marxist Philosophy

mǎ zhé

马哲

mǎkèsī zhǔyì zhéxué

马克思主义哲学

4 Taiwan compatriots (people of Chinese descent who are born, live, work, or live in Taiwan; the indigenous people of Taiwan are Gaoshan people: 高山族, Gāoshān zú)

tái bāo

台胞

táiwān tóngbāo

台湾同胞

5 Sweet-tempered /gentle and euphemistic             

wēn wǎn

温婉

wēnhé wěiwǎn

温和委婉

6 Taishan Beidou (an idiom, means to metaphor people with high morals)             

tàidǒu

泰斗

tàishān běidǒu

泰山北斗

7 The benevolent see the benevolence, the wise see the wisdom (different people have different opinions)             

jiànrénjiànzhì

见仁见智

rénzhějiànrén, zhìzhě jiàn zhì

仁者见仁，智者见智

8 Superfluous (to draw a snake and add feet)             

shézú

蛇足

huàshétiānzú

画蛇添足

9 Vicissitudes of life (the sea becomes the mulberry field, and the mulberry field becomes the sea)             

cāngsāng

沧桑

cānghǎisāngtián

沧海桑田

10 Four Persistence (adhering to the four basic principles proposed by Deng Xiaoping)             

sì gè jiānchí

四个坚持

jiānchí sì xiàng jīběn yuánzé

坚持四项基本原则

11 Plaintiff and Defendant

yuán bèigào

原被告

yuángào hé bèigào

原告和被告

12 Returned from overseas Chinese (such as after receiving education abroad)             

hǎiguī

海归

hǎiwài guīlái

海外归来

13 Internal management system of reform              

nèi gǎi

内改

nèibù guǎnlǐ tǐzhì gǎigé

内部管理体制改革

14 A person's appearance /body surface/surface of the body             

tǐ biǎo

体表

shēntǐ biǎomiàn

身体表面

15 To shake hands (at parting, farewell)             

wòbié

握别

wòshǒu gàobié

握手告别

16 Leniency /tolerance

kuān rěn

宽忍

kuāndà róngrěn

宽大容忍

17 Vulgar /poor taste/low/crude

dīsú

低俗

dījí yōngsú

低级庸俗

18 To treasure /to value/to cherish

zhēnxī

珍稀

zhēnguì xīshǎo

珍贵稀少

19 Subjective and objective

zhǔ kèguān

主客观

zhǔguān, kèguān

主观、客观

20 High, medium, and low quality

gāozhōng dī dàng

高中低档

gāodàng, zhōngdàng, dīdàng

高档、中档、低档

21 Tranquil/peaceful/comfortable

ān tián

安恬

ānshì tiánjìng

安适恬静

22 Too old/be overage

chāolíng

超龄

chāoguò niánlíng

超过年龄

23 Violation of discipline (breach of discipline, rules and other binding acts)             

wéijì

违纪

wéifǎn jìlǜ

违反　纪律

24 Disciplinary inspection (refers to the activities of the Communist Party of China's disciplinary inspection agency to maintain party discipline)             

jìjiǎn

纪检

jìlǜ jiǎnchá

纪律检查

Activism

1 To counter terrorism /to fight terrorism             

fǎnkǒng

反恐

fǎnduì kǒngbù zhǔyì

反对恐怖主义

2 Environmental protection

huánbǎo

环保

huánjìng bǎohù

环境保护

3 To combat human trafficking

dǎguǎi

打拐

dǎjí guǎimài/dǎjí guǎimài rénkǒu

打击拐卖/打击拐卖人口

4 Peacekeeping (esp. of UN troops)

wéihé

维和

wéihù hépíng

维护和平

5 Cultural Revolution

wéngé

文革

wénhuà dàgémìng

文化大革命

wúchǎn jiējí wénhuà dàgémìng

无产阶级文化大革命

6 Get rid of poverty

tuōpín

脱贫

bǎituō pínkùn

摆脱贫困

7 To examine and verify

héchá

核查

héduì jiǎnchá

核对检查

8 Investigation and processing

cháchǔ

查处

diàochá chǔlǐ

调查处理

9 Anti-counterfeiting (crack down on the manufacture and sale of counterfeit and shoddy products, and protect high-quality brand products)             

dǎjiǎ bǎo yōu

打假保优

dǎjí zhìzào xiāoshòu jiǎmào wěiliè shāngpǐn, bǎohù yōuzhì pǐnpái chǎnpǐn             

打击制造销售假冒伪劣商品、保护优质品牌产品

10 To cheat /deceive/swindle

kēngmēng guǎipiàn

坑蒙拐骗

kēng rén, méng rén, guǎi rén, piàn rén             

坑人、蒙人、拐人、骗人

11 To supervise /direct/superintendent             

dūdǎo

督导

jiāndū zhǐdǎo

监督指导

12 Public Relations

gōngguān

公关

gōnggòng guānxì

公共关系

13 Letters from the people (to gather public opinion)             

xìnfǎng

信访

rénmín láixìn láifǎng

人民来信来访

14 To facilitate the people /for the convenience of the people             

biànmín

便民

fāngbiàn rénmín qúnzhòng

方便人民群众

15 Taiwan independence movement /declaration of independence by Taiwan             

táidú

台独

táiwān dúlì

台湾独立

16 Tibet independence movement

zàngdú

藏独

xīzàng dúlì

西藏独立

17 Xinjiang independence

xīn dú

新独

xīnjiāng dúlì

新疆独立

18 To be reviewed (of troops, etc.)

shòu yuè

受阅

jiēshòu jiǎnyuè

接受检阅

19 To fight corruption /anti-corruption

fǎn tān

反贪

fǎnduì tānwū

反对贪污

20 To traffic narcotics /drug trade/opium trade             

fàndú

贩毒

fànmài dúpǐn

贩卖毒品

21 Deferred death sentence (a commuted death sentence with forced labor and judicial review after two years)

sǐhuǎn

死缓

pànchǔ sǐxíng huǎnqí zhíxíng

判处死刑缓期执行

Security

1 Honorary demobilization and transfer (honorable discharge of a soldier)             

róng fù zhuǎn tuì jūnrén

荣复转退军人

róngyù fùyuán, zhuǎnyè, tuìwǔ jūnrén             

荣誉复员、转业、退伍军人

2 The old, weak, sick, disabled, and pregnant              

lǎo ruò bìng cán yùn

老弱病残孕

lǎonián rén, tǐ ruòzhě, bìngrén, cánjí rén, yùnfù             

老年人、体弱者、病人、残疾人、孕妇

3 Old revolutionary areas , minority areas, border areas, poverty-stricken areas              

lǎoshào biān qióng

老少边穷

gémìng lǎoqū, shǎoshù mínzú dìqū, biānjìng dìqū, pínqióng dìqū             

革命老区、少数民族地区、边境地区、贫穷地区

4 Middle-aged, old

zhōng lǎonián

中老年

zhōng nián, lǎonián

中年、老年

5 Dangerous house /unsafe building/building on verge of collapse             

wēifáng

危房

wéixiǎn fángwū

危险房屋

6 Random inspection /spot-check

chōuchá

抽查

chōuyàng jiǎnchá

抽样检查

7 Household contract responsibility system              

chéngbāo

承包

jiātíng lián chǎn chéngbāo zérèn zhì

家庭联产承包责任制

8 Neighborhood committee /residents committee             

jūwěihuì

居委会

jūmín wěiyuánhuì

居民委员会

9 Police school (University of Police/Police College/police academy; After graduating from the police academy, candidates need to take a civil service examination; After passing the examination, they are granted official police status)              

jǐng xiào

警校

jǐng chá xuéxiào

警察学校

10 Arms control (arms control refers to a term that internationally restricts the development, production, stockpiling, proliferation and use of weapons, especially used in weapons of mass destruction)             

jūn kòng

军控

jūnbèi kòngzhì

军备控制

11 To demolish and relocate (to demolish a building, and relocate the inhabitants)             

chāiqiān

拆迁

chāichú bānqiān

拆除搬迁

12 To go to war /to enter a war/to join the battle             

cānzhàn

参战

cānjiā zhàndòu

参加战斗

13 Border inspection /immigration inspection             

biān jiǎn

边检

biānfáng jiǎnchá

边防检查

14 Security check

ānjiǎn

安检

ānquán jiǎnchá

安全检查

15 Police officers and constables /public security officials             

gànjǐng

干警

gōng'ān gànbù hé mín jǐng

公安干部和民警

16 To award an honor /confer medals/accept the medal             

shòu xūn

受勋

jiēshòu xūnzhāng

接受勋章

17 Flamethrower (a ranged incendiary device)             

pēn huǒqì

喷火器

huǒyàn pēnshè qì

火焰喷射器

18 Anti-colonist /against colonialism

fǎn zhí

反殖

fǎnduì zhímín zhǔyì

反对殖民主义

19 Air defence (defense against air attack; measures and actions to fight against enemy aircraft from the air or outer space)             

fángkōng

防空

fángbèi kōngxí

防备空袭

20 Shockproof /earthquake prevention (refers to the removal of earthquake hazards and prevention of earthquakes through artificial measures, rather than rescue after earthquakes)             

fángzhèn

防震

fángbèi dìzhèn

防备地震

21 To counterfeit /fake (refers to the behavior of producers or operators who improperly use other people's marks on their own products or business signs in order to compete for competitive advantage, confuse their own products or businesses with those operated by others, and seek illegitimate benefits)             

fǎngmào

仿冒

fǎngzhì màochōng

仿制冒　充

22 Antichemical (Defense against chemical and atomic weapons attacks)             

fáng huà

防化

fángyù huàxué wǔqì hé yuánzǐ wǔqì xíjí             

防御化学武器和原子武器袭击

23 Disaster reduction /to reduce damage caused by natural disasters (reduce disasters and alleviate losses caused by disasters)             

jiǎnzāi

减灾

jiǎnshǎo zìrán zāihài

减少　自然灾害

24 To examine and repair /maintenance             

jiǎnxiū

检修

jiǎnchá xiūlǐ

检查修　理

Miscellaneous

1 Modern Chinese

现汉

xiàn hàn

xiàndài hànyǔ

现代汉语

2 Singular, plural

单复数

dān fùshù

dānshù, fùshù

单数、复数

3 Visa rejection

jùqiān

拒签

jùjué qiānzhèng

拒绝签证

4 Grade /level/scale/rank

dàng jí

档级

dàngcì jíbié

档次级别

5 Radio and recording (dual-purpose machine)             

shōulùjī

收录机

shōuyīn lùyīn liǎng yòng jī

收音录音两用机

6 Phone call tariff /call cost

huàfèi

话费

tōnghuà fèiyòng

通话费用

7 E-mail

邮箱

yóuxiāng

diànzǐ yóuxiāng

电子邮箱

8 First World War

yī zhàn

一战

Dì yī cì shìjiè dàzhàn

第一次世界大战

9 Second World War

èr zhàn

二战

dì èr cì shìjiè dàzhàn

第二次世界大战

10 Exceed a quota /over a quota

chāo'é

超额

chāoguò dìng'é

超过定额

11 Color photo

cǎizhào

彩照

cǎisè zhàopiàn

彩色照片

JIA MING WANG

http://MingMandarin.com/